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CLAY PIPE GARIBALDI branded clay pipe c1860s-70s
Below from flickr:
The ‘Garibaldi Pipe’ – clay pipe bowl (1860’s / 1870’s)
The ‘Garibaldi Pipe’ was named in honour of Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882) who was an Italian patriot and military leader that rose to fame during the Italian Wars of Independence (Il Risorgimento). As a result of his role in the unification wars, Garibaldi came to be seen after 1860 as a nationalistic revolutionary and an international hero. His revolutionary spirit and belief in enfranchisement for all oppressed peoples were sentiments that would have had great appeal in Ireland at the time. The cartouche text reads GARIBALDI PIPE with what looks like a star in the centre. I am uncertain if this pipe was manufactured in Ireland or imported. The pipe’s bowl size is smaller compared to other contemporary pipes. .Height: 1 3/8” (35mm)Widest width: 1” (26mm)Inside diameter: 11/16” (18mm)Find location: Mulllingar, County Westmeath.
also see
—If there is a makers mark, it’s likely to either be on the stem or possibly the reverse. If you’ve got the makers mark, you may be able to narrow down the date by checking Durhams record Office for pipe manufacturers.
from:::https://www.reddit.com/r/ArtefactPorn/comments/t55195/old_miners_clay_pipe_from_the_1800_exact_date/
and from the same thread
Fun fact! Stems of cheap clay pipes were often broken on purpose. They were made with long stems (of differing lenths but up to a normal pen legnth wasn’t uncommon) which was impractical for anyone who wanted to smoke whilst they worked. By breaking the stem you could hold the pipe closer to your mouth and keep it more stable and out of the way. In the Yorkshire Wollen mills the fashion was to have almost no stem at all and the bowl be on the lip as it kept the pipe away from industrial equipment as it span by or fall into the machines.
It’s not fallen off it’s been snapped off. Clay pipes block up near the mouth so folks would snap them off make them work better.
They were semi disposable.
GARIBALDI IN AUSTRALIA
Abstract
One of the most famous public figures in later nineteenth-century Australia was Giuseppe Garibaldi. The man known as the ‘hero of two worlds’ – Europe and South America – was in fact also the hero of a third. The nature of Garibaldi’s iconic status in the Australian colonies was complex, multi-faceted, and fractured and it occurred at a moment when the notion of celebrity was being transformed amid what was effectively a fundamental democratization of the public sphere in the Anglophone world. As such, it provides an important opportunity to ponder the implications of what has been called ‘intimacy at a distance’.
also check out::: online PD
pipes in jails
https://www.jstor.org/stable/26875611
garibaldi
Garibaldi in Australia
Date
2020
Authors
Pickering, Paul
Publisher
University of Cambridge
and wayyyy too much info https://www.pipeacademy.org/resources
burrows & co 